A policy brief by Ecologic Institute, the Clingendael Institute and the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs analyses Europe's growing dependence on US liquefied natural gas (LNG). Based on a novel assessment of gas imports across the entire European Economic Area (EEA, including Norway), the study shows that in 2025 US supplies accounted for almost 40% of total gas imports and nearly 60% of LNG imports into the EEA.

Based on a novel analysis covering the entire European Economic Area (EEA, notably including Norway), this policy brief shows that US gas imports into the EEA sharply surged in 2025. They now account for almost 40% of total EEA gas imports and nearly 60% of LNG imports. This trend exposes Europe to heightened geopolitical pressure, price volatility and the risk of stranded assets.